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17. Purves MJ: The Physiology of Cerebral Circulation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 80-91, 1972 18. Kety SS: The effects of altered arterial tensions of carbon dioxide and oxygen on cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption of normal young men. J Clin Invest 27: 484--492, 1948 Reivich M: Arterial PCO2 and cerebral hemodynamics. J Physiol 206: 25-35, 1964 Olesen J, Paulson OB, Lassen NA: Regional cerebral blood flow in man determined by the initial slope of the clearance of intra-arterially injected 133Xenon. Theory of the method, normal values, error of measurement, correction for remaining activity, relation to other flow parameters and response to PaCO2 changes. Stroke 2: 519-540, 1971 Snyder SH: Adenosine receptors and the actions of methyl xanthines. Trends in Neuroscience 4: 242-244, 1981 Fredholm BB, Persson CGA: Xanthine derivatives as adenosine receptor antagonists. Eur J Pharmacol 81: 673-676, 1982 Boulenger JP, Patel J, Marangos PJ: Effects of caffeine and theophylline on adenosine and benzodiazepene receptors in human brain. Neuroscience Lett 30: 161-166, 1982 Winn HR, Rubio R, Berne RM: The role of adenosine in the regulation of blood flow. J Cereb Blood Flow Metabol 1: 239-244, 1981 Pole P, Bonetti EP, Pieri L, et al: Caffeine antagonizes several central effects of diazepam. Life Sci 28: 2265-2275, 1981 File SE, Bond AJ, Lister AG: Interaction between effects of caffeine and lorazepam in performance tests and self-ratings. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2: 102-106, 1982 Winstead DK: Coffee consumption among psychiatric inpatients. J Psychiatry 133: 1447-1450, 1976 Mikkelsen EJ: Caffeine and schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 39: 732-736, 1978 Kulhanek F, Linde OK: Caffeine and tea influence pharmacokinetics of antipsychotic drugs. Lancet 2: 359-360, 1981 Bowen S, Taylor KM, Gibb IA McL: Effect of coffee and tea on blood levels and efficacy of antipsychotic drugs. Lancet 1: 1217-1218, 1981 Siesjo BK: Cell damage in the brain: A speculative synthesis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metabol 1: 155-185, 1981 Mueller SM: Neurologic complications of phenylpropanolamine use. Neurology 33: 650-652, 1983 Mueller SM: Seizures associated with a new combination 'pick-me up' pill. Ann Neurol 11: 322, 1983 Wharton BK: Nasal decongestants and paranoid psychosis. Brit J Psychiat 117: 439-440, 1970 Bernstein E, Diskant BM: Phenylpropanolamine: A potentially hazardous drug. Ann Emergency Med 11: 311-315, 1982 Mueller SM, Mueller J, Asdell SM: Cerebral hemorrhage associated with phenylpropanolamine in combination with caffeine. Stroke 15: 119-123, 1984 Obrist WD, Chivian E, Cronqvist E, Ingvar DH: Regional cerebral blood flow in senile and pre-senile dementia. Neurology 20: 315-322, 1970 Shaw T, Meyer JS: Aging and cerebrovascular disease. In: Diagnosis and Management of Stroke and TIAs, Meyer JS, Shaw T Eds ; , Addison, Wesley Publishing Company, Menlo Park, California, pp 1-24, 1982.
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Tumor inhibition rate in vivo 5-FU could inhibit the growth of the liver carcinoma in nude mice. When the substrate L-Arg was supplemented, tumor inhibition rate increased significantly Table 1 ; . Histology There was different necrosis in the tumor tissues. The.
This document updates the World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia's Fact sheets on antiretroviral drugs which were first published in September 2002. The World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia would like to express its gratitude to Truls Eriksen, Sri Lanka and Chris Duncombe, HIV-NAT, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok for developing this document and would like to recognize the contributions by Dr Anupong Chitwarakorn, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr N. Kumarasamy, YRG Care Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Tharamani, Chennai, India; Professor Dilip Mathai, Director, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India; Dr Samsuridjal Djauzi, Dharmais Cancer Hospital and Coordinator, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Dr Htin Aung Saw, Wai Bagi Infectious Disease Hospital, Yangon, Myanmar; Dr Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit, Department of Pediatrics, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr Somsit Tansuphaswadikul, Bamrasnaraduras Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand; Dr David Wilson, Medical Coordinator, HIV AIDS Care and Treatment Programme, MSF Belgium, Bangkok, Thailand. The work was coordinated by Karin Timmermans, Technical Officer, and Ying-Ru Lo, Regional Advisor HIV AIDS WHO SEARO. Editorial support was provided by Bandana Malhotra. Layout and typesetting was done by Macrographics.
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Childhood brain tumors died of pulmonary fibrosis beand 13 years after treatment. In addition, 8 patients studied in 1989 13 to 17 years post treatment ; , had physiologic and biopsy or radiologic evidence of pulmonary fibrosis. We now report 3 more years of follow-up on these patients. Between 1989 and 1992, two more patients have died of pulmonary fibrosis, giving an overall mortality of 47%. Of the eight patients who died of pulmonary fibrosis, the median age at treatment was 2.5 years, whereas the nine long-term survivors had a median age at treatment of 10 years. All five patients treated below the age of 5 years have died of lung fibrosis. Analysis by the standard survival curve method
Phenylpropanolamine is an effective vasoconstrictor which reduces the swelling and edema of the nasal mucosa and minimizes watery nasal discharge, thereby relieving nasal congestion and photofrin.
Not propofol preserves myocardial function in coronary surgery patients. Anesthesiology 2002; 97: 429 Detry JM, Sellier P, Pennaforte S, et al. Trimetazidine: a new concept in the treatment of angina. Comparison with propranolol in patients with stable angina. Trimetazidine European Multicenter Study Group. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1994; 37: 27988 Fantini E, Demaison L, Sentex E, Grynberg A, Athias P. Some biochemical aspects of the protective effect of trimetazidine on rat cardiomyocytes during hypoxia and reoxygenation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1994; 26: 94958 Ferguson D. Sympathetic mechanisms in heart failure. Circulation 1993; 87: 6875 Ferrari R, Anard I. Utilisation of propionyl L-carnitine for the treatment of heart failure. In: de Jong J, Ferrari R, eds. A New Therapeutic Approach to Cardiac Diseases. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1995; 32336 Gerstenfeld EP, Khoo M, Martin RC, et al. Effectiveness of bi-atrial pacing for reducing atrial brillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. J Intervent Cardiol Electrophysiol 2001; 5: 27583 Goldstein DJ, Oz MC, Smith CR, et al. Safety of repeat aprotinin administration for LVAD recipients undergoing cardiac transplantation. Ann Thorac Surg 1996; 61: 6925 Hochleitner M, Hortnagl H, Ng CK, Gschnitzer F, Zechmann W. Usefulness of physiologic dual-chamber pacing in drug-resistant idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. J Cardiol 1990; 66: 198202 Hollenberg SM. Cardiogenic shock. Crit Care Clin 2001; 17: 391410 Hon JK, Yacoub MH. Bridge to recovery with the use of left ventricular assist device and clenbuterol. Ann Thorac Surg 2003; 75: S3641 Hunt SA, Baker DW, Chin MH, et al. ACC AHA Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult: Executive Summary A Report of the American College of Cardiology American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Committee to Revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure ; : Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation; Endorsed by the Heart Failure Society of America. Circulation 2001; 104: 29963007 Iliceto S, Scrutinio D, Bruzzi P, et al. Effects of L-carnitine administration on left ventricular remodeling after acute anterior myocardial infarction: the L-Carnitine Ecocardiograa Digitalizzata Infarto Miocardico CEDIM ; Trial. J Coll Cardiol 1995; 26: 3807 Jeevanandam V, Jayakar D, Anderson AS, et al. Circulatory assistance with a permanent implantable IABP: initial human experience. Circulation 2002; 106: I1838 Kantor PF, Lucien A, Kozak R, Lopaschuk GD. The antianginal drug trimetazidine shifts cardiac energy metabolism from fatty acid oxidation to glucose oxidation by inhibiting mitochondrial long-chain 3-ketoacyl coenzyme A thiolase. Circ Res 2000; 86: 5808 Kaplon RJ, Oz MC, Kwiatkowski PA, et al. Miniature axial ow pump for ventricular assistance in children and small adults. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1996; 111: 1318 Kleine P, Doss M, Aybek T, Wimmer-Greinecker G, Moritz A. Biventricular pacing for weaning from extracorporeal circulation in heart failure. Ann Thorac Surg 2002; 73: 9602 Linde C, Gadler F, Edner M, et al. Results of atrioventricular synchronous pacing with optimized delay in patients with severe congestive heart failure. J Cardiol 1995; 75: 91923.
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| Phenylpropanolamine proinTable 1. Catalytic parameters for the d ; AMP enantiomers with human AMP kinases 1 and 2 Enzyme Substrate KM mM ; 0.14 0.02 1.5 c 62 c 0.08 0.02 0.21 c 92 Relative Vmax % ; 100a 48 4 c 2.9 c c c 0.32 c c c kcat KM M1 s1 ; 106 100b ; 1.6 105 5.3 ; 9.5 103 0.32 ; c 2.6 103 0.08 ; c c c 106 33 ; 5 105 17 ; 104 0.33 ; c 180 0.006 ; c c 70 0.002 and pilocarpine.
Acepromazine maleate acetyl-d-glucosamine acth corticotrophin la gel ; a apomorphine azithromycin cacodylate carbazochrome salicylate chlor w squalene cisapride cyclosporine dca-700 demecarium bromide dexamethasone sp dexamethasone-21-isonicotinate diazepam diethylstilbestrol des ; digoxin diphenhydramine dipyrone ees rifampin enrofloxacin epm estradiol cypionate estrone flavor flunixin meglumine griseofulvin guaifenesin hydroxyzine hcl idoxuridine iodine itraconazole ketoprofen medroxyprogesterone methimazole methocarbamol metronidazole ophthalmics p& e pentoxifylline pergolide phenoxybenzamine phenylbutazone phenylpropanolamine potassium bromide prednisone progesterone in oil protamine zinc insulin pzi ; reserpine tacrolimus transdermals trichlormethiazide dexamethasone trilostane tripelennamine hcl methimazole for veterinary use by barbara forney vmd methimazole overview therapeutic class anti-thyroid: thioimidazole-derivative species cats commonly prescribed by vets for: feline hyperthyroidism basic methimazole information methimazole is a human drug, used for the medical management for hyperthyroidism.
M.C.D. Fink, J.P. Paz Jr., M.G. de Marchi, E.X. de Lima, R.R. Oliveira, A.D. Reis, C.S. Pannuti, C.M. Machado, Wheezing Study Group. University of So Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil Background: In 2004, a new human coronavirus HCoV- NL63 ; was identified in The Netherlands. The prevalence of HCoV-NL63 in children and the morbidity associated with this new virus are not well characterized. In the southern hemisphere no data is currently available about the occurrence of the new HCoV-NL63. Methods: We evaluated the occurrence of respiratory virus RV ; infections in a cohort of 205 children from birth to two years of age, participating in the Wheezing Study of the University of So Paulo from 2003 to 2005. Nasal washes or aspirates were taken from children with respiratory symptoms during follow-up. Diagnosis was made by DFA and or PCR. Primers for detection of CoV were based on conserved regions of the replicase 1a gene of all CoV including SARS. A second pair of primers was used to detect HCoV-NL63, according to Esper F et al. 2005 ; . Samples showing the expected fragment size 215bp ; were sequenced Applied Biosystems 377 DNA Sequencer ; and compared to sequences of HCoV-NL63 included in the Gene Bank. Results: RV infections were diagnosed in 62 children 30.2% ; . Eight children had more than one episode of RV infection during follow-up and 4 children had RV co-infections 3 RSV + parainfluenza, 1 RSV + HCoV ; . HCoV infections were diagnosed in 16 of the 62 children 25.8% ; with proven RV infections. HCoV-NL63 was identified in three children 4.8% ; during fall. Median age was 6 months ranging from 1 to 6 ; Other HCoV infections did not show seasonality. Fever, nasal congestion, coryza, wheezing, cough and rales were the symptoms observed in children with HCoV-NL63 infection. Conclusions: Human coronavirus infections are common in the first two years of life. Children with HCoV-NL63 infection had mild respiratory symptoms. In 2004 and 2005, HCoV-NL63 circulated in So Paulo, Brazil, predominantly during fall and pima.
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Primary diffuse leptomeningeal glioblastoma multiforme of brainstem and Shuangshoti S., Shuangshoti S. spinal cord clinically mimicking meningitis : Case report and review of literature.
Like pseudoephedrine, the comparatively short half-life and decongestant effect of phenylpropanolamine are prolonged in this formulation by incorporating a prolonged release of phenylpropanolamine over time so as to achieve efficacy through the waking hours, but not so long as to provide phenylpropanolamine activity during the time when stimulation is undesired and pindolol.
Muscle samples were stored at 80C. At least 30 mg of muscle was weighed and placed in PBS that contained Complete Protease Inhibitors Roche, Indianapolis, IN ; in a ratio of 1: 30 mg of muscle in 30 l PBS ; . After homogenization on ice for 3 min VWR High Viscosity Mixer at 300 rpm; VWR, West Chester, PA ; , the samples approximately 100 l ; were centrifuged at 3300 g for 10 min at 4C. Pellets were weighed and resuspended in 2 Laemmli sample buffer 1 mg of insoluble tissue with 10 l of Laemmli sample buffer ; . Samples were boiled for 20 min, and 20 l was separated on a 15% SDS gel. After transfer to a 0.2- m Protran 83A nitrocellulose membrane Whatman.
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Species Table 2 ; . No change in phosphatidylethanolamine species was observed in thrombin-stimulated myocytes Fig. 3B ; . The decrease in arachidonylated plasmenylethanolamine in thrombin-stimulated myocytes was significantly less than that seen in the choline phospholipid class and was accompanied by an increase in 18: 1, 18: ; and 16: 0, 18: 3 ; plasmenylethanolamine Table 2, Fig. 3A ; . Pretreatment with BEL blocked any thrombin-stimulated changes in ethanolamine glycerophospholipids Fig. 3A ; , again confirming that these alterations are mediated by PLA2 activation. Thus thrombin stimulation of isolated rabbit ventricular myocytes results in the selective hydrolysis of both.
SITUATION ANALYSIS a ; Overall Assessment Coricidin launched 50 years ago, as a first generation antihistamine with decongestant, providing relief to people with cold and allergy symptoms. In November 2000, Health Canada issued an advisory against products containing phenylpropanolamine PPA ; because of a reported association between this decongestant with haemorrhagic stroke. Coricidin and other medications with this ingredient were withdrawn from the shelves and posture.
Sants.] Psychopharmacol1994; 8: 238-49. 11. Simon GE, Lin EHB, Katon W, et al Outcomes of "inadequate" antidepressant treatment.] Gen Intern Med 1995; 663-70 and phenylpropanolamine.
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